Among the cultural ones are: archaeology, anthroponatural landscape, history and culture, it also presents fossils from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, contained in both limestone and sand-clay rocks, but the most interesting are the bone remains of the extinct Pleistocene fauna, existing in the sediments that fill the subterranean cavities.

The Viñales region is considered the capital of the Cuban karst, where the country's largest cave systems are found. Some of them are: Palmarito, the largest complex of caverns so far studied in Cuba, Sierra Guasasa and the Great Cavern of Santo Tomás. The  Indian Cave, which belong to the underground system of the Sierra de Guasasa and the José Miguel Cave,  worldwide known as Palenque de los Cimarrones. This makes Viñales a reason for admiration for all visitors who come to marvel at its riches.